What Are Roman Numerals?
Roman numerals are a numeral system that originated in ancient Rome and remained the usual way of writing numbers throughout Europe well into the Late Middle Ages. Numbers in this system are represented by combinations of letters from the Latin alphabet. Our Roman numeral converter can help you master them.
History and Origin
The Roman numeral system is believed to have evolved from the Etruscan numeral system. Over time, the symbols changed and standardized into the seven letters we use today. This system was not designed for complex arithmetic but for easily marking values, such as on a tally stick or for records.
The 7 Core Symbols
| Symbol | Value | Mnemonic |
|---|---|---|
| I | 1 | I Value Xylophones Like Cows Do Milk |
| V | 5 | (Part of the mnemonic above) |
| X | 10 | (Part of the mnemonic above) |
| L | 50 | (Part of the mnemonic above) |
| C | 100 | (from Latin 'centum') |
| D | 500 | (Part of the mnemonic above) |
| M | 1000 | (from Latin 'mille') |
Roman Numerals in Modern Life
Clocks
Many analog clocks use Roman numerals for a classic, dignified look.
Books & Outlines
Used for chapter numbers, prefaces, and multilevel outlines.
Movies & TV
Often used in copyright notices for the year of production.
Monuments
Dates on buildings and monuments are frequently in Roman numerals.
Major Events
The Super Bowl and the Olympics use Roman numerals to number their events.
Roman Numerals Conversion Table
| Number | Roman Numeral |
|---|---|
| 1 | I |
| 2 | II |
| 3 | III |
| 4 | IV |
| 5 | V |
| 6 | VI |
| 7 | VII |
| 8 | VIII |
| 9 | IX |
| 10 | X |
| 11 | XI |
| 12 | XII |
| 13 | XIII |
| 14 | XIV |
| 15 | XV |
| 16 | XVI |
| 17 | XVII |
| 18 | XVIII |
| 19 | XIX |
| 20 | XX |
| 21 | XXI |
| 22 | XXII |
| 23 | XXIII |
| 24 | XXIV |
| 25 | XXV |
| Number | Roman Numeral |
|---|---|
| 20 | XX |
| 25 | XXV |
| 30 | XXX |
| 35 | XXXV |
| 40 | XL |
| 45 | XLV |
| 50 | L |
| 55 | LV |
| 60 | LX |
| 65 | LXV |
| 70 | LXX |
| 75 | LXXV |
| 80 | LXXX |
| 85 | LXXXV |
| 90 | XC |
| 95 | XCV |
| 100 | C |
| 105 | CV |
| 110 | CX |
| 115 | CXV |
| 120 | CXX |
| 125 | CXXV |
| 130 | CXXX |
| 135 | CXXXV |
| 140 | CXL |
| Number | Roman Numeral |
|---|---|
| 100 | C |
| 125 | CXXV |
| 150 | CL |
| 175 | CLXXV |
| 200 | CC |
| 225 | CCXXV |
| 250 | CCL |
| 275 | CCLXXV |
| 300 | CCC |
| 325 | CCCXXV |
| 350 | CCCL |
| 375 | CCCLXXV |
| 400 | CD |
| 425 | CDXXV |
| 450 | CDL |
| 475 | CDLXXV |
| 500 | D |
| 525 | DXXV |
| 550 | DL |
| 575 | DLXXV |
| 600 | DC |
| 625 | DCXXV |
| 650 | DCL |
| 675 | DCLXXV |
| 700 | DCC |
| Number | Roman Numeral |
|---|---|
| 750 | DCCL |
| 825 | DCCCXXV |
| 900 | CM |
| 975 | CMLXXV |
| 1050 | ML |
| 1125 | MCXXV |
| 1200 | MCC |
| 1275 | MCCLXXV |
| 1350 | MCCCL |
| 1425 | MCDXXV |
| 1500 | MD |
| 1575 | MDLXXV |
| 1650 | MDCL |
| 1725 | MDCCXXV |
| 1800 | MDCCC |
| 1875 | MDCCCLXXV |
| 1950 | MCML |
| 2025 | MMXXV |
| 2100 | MMC |
| 2175 | MMCLXXV |
| 2250 | MMCCL |
| 2325 | MMCCCXXV |
| 2400 | MMCD |
| 2475 | MMCDLXXV |
| 2550 | MMDL |
Roman Numerals 1-100 Chart
| +0 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +4 | +5 | +6 | +7 | +8 | +9 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | I | II | III | IV | V | VI | VII | VIII | IX | |
| 10 | X | XI | XII | XIII | XIV | XV | XVI | XVII | XVIII | XIX |
| 20 | XX | XXI | XXII | XXIII | XXIV | XXV | XXVI | XXVII | XXVIII | XXIX |
| 30 | XXX | XXXI | XXXII | XXXIII | XXXIV | XXXV | XXXVI | XXXVII | XXXVIII | XXXIX |
| 40 | XL | XLI | XLII | XLIII | XLIV | XLV | XLVI | XLVII | XLVIII | XLIX |
| 50 | L | LI | LII | LIII | LIV | LV | LVI | LVII | LVIII | LIX |
| 60 | LX | LXI | LXII | LXIII | LXIV | LXV | LXVI | LXVII | LXVIII | LXIX |
| 70 | LXX | LXXI | LXXII | LXXIII | LXXIV | LXXV | LXXVI | LXXVII | LXXVIII | LXXIX |
| 80 | LXXX | LXXXI | LXXXII | LXXXIII | LXXXIV | LXXXV | LXXXVI | LXXXVII | LXXXVIII | LXXXIX |
| 90 | XC | XCI | XCII | XCIII | XCIV | XCV | XCVI | XCVII | XCVIII | XCIX |